Laboratory tests and sampling

Photographs of gross disease signs, such as those in this field guide, can help test suspicions of disease. While gross signs narrow the search for possible agents, they are not adequate for proper diagnosis.

Information about sampling of aquatic animals and water can be found on the FAO website: FAO Fisheries Technical Paper 402/2 Asia diagnostic guide to aquatic animal diseases.

Useful information on sampling techniques can also be found on the Queensland Fisheries website.

The Department of Environment, Water, Heritage and the Arts website provides information covering the management of inland water quality.