National Water Biosecurity Manual - Poultry Production

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• Water Biosecurity
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Water sources used by the Australian poultry industry are varied, and include town water, underground water, surface water and rain water. Whatever the  source, water provided to poultry farms must be free from microbial contamination that could cause disease in poultry, or lead to food safety issues.

This report describes the water sources most commonly used by the Australian poultry industry, and water sanitation systems applicable for use on commercial poultry farms.

Contents:

• Summary
  
  
• Introduction

1. Sources of water for poultry
   
   
   • 1.1 Mains or town water
   • 1.2 Bore water (underground water)
   • 1.3 Surface water (dams, reservoirs, channel, rivers and streams)
   • 1.4 Other sources (rain water, carted water, recycled water)
     
     
2. Avian influenza and water supply to poultry farms
   
   
3. Operational aspects of surface water use in Australian poultry farms
   
   
4. Sanitation of surface water
   
   
   • 4.1 Microbial contaminants
     
     
   • 4.2 Water sanitisers
     
     • 4.2.1 Halogens
     • 4.2.2 Other oxidisers
     • 4.2.3 Ultraviolet light
     • 4.2.4 Organic and inorganic acids
       
       
   • 4.3 Application systems and facilitation for water sanitation
     
     • 4.3.1 Pretreatment of water
     • 4.3.2 Dosage of sanitiser
     • 4.3.3 Adequate contact time
     • 4.3.4 Reliable operation of equipment
     • 4.3.5 Monitoring
     • 4.3.6 Avoidance of contamination post-sanitation
     • 4.3.7 Water storage
       
     
     
   • 4.4 Monitoring to ensure effective water sanitation
     
     
   • 4.5 Common deficiencies seen with water sanitation in the poultry industry
     
     • 4.5.1 No sanitation of surface water
     • 4.5.2 Use of equipment, sanitisers and systems that fail to ensure effective sanitation of water
     • 4.5.3 Insufficient monitoring
     • 4.5.4 Intermittent use of sanitation
       
       
5. Overview and recommendations for the Biosecurity for water for poultry
   
   

• Appendix and water chlorination systems
  
  
  • Explanatory notes
    
    • Input water
    • Pretreatment and filtration (A1)
      
    • Chlorination unit (A2)
      
    • Storage tanks
    • Large capacity water tanks (figure1)
      
    • Smaller capacity water tanks (figure2)
      
    • Measurement of chlorine levels
    • Farm/shed water pump (A3)
      
      
• Abbreviations
  
  
• References